fa شناسایی و تشخیص بیماری سپتیسمی هموراژیک ویروسی (VHS) در مزارع پرورش ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) استان تهران تخصصي Special مروری Review <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در ایران بیماری سپتیسمی هموراژیک ویروسی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">VHS</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) یکی از علل عمده مرگ ومیر ماهیان قزل</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آلای پرورشی در</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سال</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های اخیر به</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">شمار می</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">رود. استفاده از روش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> Real-Time PCR </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کمک بسیار مهمی در کنترل و پیشگیری از بیماری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های ویروسی قزل آلای رنگین</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کمان در کشور خواهد نمود. لذا در این پژوهش به شناسایی و تشخیص </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">VHSV</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> در مزارع پرورش ماهی قزل</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آلای رنگین</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کمان استان تهران پرداخته شد. &nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مواد و روش</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ها</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در این مطالعه که در دو فاز زمستان و بهار 2-1401</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و زمستان و بهار 3-1402 انجام شد، با مراجعه به مزارع پرورش ماهی قزل</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آلای رنگین</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کمان استان تهران اقدام به نمونه</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گیری از بچه ماهی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های با وزن 3-0/3 گرم گردید و با استفاده روش </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&nbsp;Quantitative Real-Time PCR</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">به شناسایی و تشخیص </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">VHSV</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> در مزارع پرورش ماهی قزل</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آلای رنگین</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">کمان استان تهران پرداخته شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتایج</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">با توجه به نتایج به</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دست آمده بیماری ویروسی</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> VHS </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در بهار سال 1403در مزارع تکثیر بیش</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ترین میزان را داشته و دارای تفاوت معنی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">داری بود. در نتایج به</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دست آمده در زمستان سال 1401 و بهار سال 1402 درصد شیوع ردیابی ویروس در مزارع تکثیر به یک میزان بوده و این نتایج با درصد شیوع ویروس در زمستان سال 1402 نیز برابر بود و تفات</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">معنی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">داری مشاهده نگردید. با توجه به تجمیع نتایج فوق شیوع بیماری در استان تهران را در کل 9/8% گزارش گردید.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بحث و نتیجه</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گیری:</span></span></span></span></b> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در سه ماه اول سال 1403 بیماری افزایش شیوع مشخص و بالاتری نسبت به سال گذشته داشته که ناشی از افزایش بیماری در مزارع تکثیر است و نیازمند توجه بیش</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تر برای ارتقا امنیت زیستی و کنترل بیماری می</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">باشد</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> ویروس </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">VHS</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> در چرخش در کشور وابسته به وزن بوده و غالباً در بچه</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ماهی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های بالای دوگرم فرم بالینی بیماری و تلفات ایجاد نمی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">شود. لذا به</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نظر می</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">رسد برای استقرار سطح قابل قبولی از نظام امینت زیستی در سطح این مزارع، علاوه بر آموزش لازم برای پرورش</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دهندگان، اقدامات مؤثرتری برنامه</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" baran="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ریزی و اجرا گردد.</span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">Introduction:</span></b> <span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">In Iran, Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) is one of the main causes of mortality of farmed trout in recent years. The use of </span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">th</span><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">e</span> <span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">Real-Time PCR method will be significant in controlling and preventing rainbow trout viral diseases in the country. Therefore, this research investigated the identification and diagnosis of VHSV in rainbow trout farms in Tehran province.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">Materials & Methods:</span></b> <span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">In this study, which was conducted in two phases, winter and spring 2022-3 and winter and spring 2023-4, by referring to rainbow trout breeding farms in Tehran province, samples were taken from fry weighing 0.3-3 was heated and using Quantitative Real-Time PCR method to identify and diagnose VHSV in rainbow trout farms in Tehran province.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">Results:</span></b> <span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">According to the obtained results, VHS viral disease had the highest multiplication rate in the spring of 2024 in the fields and had a significant difference. In the results obtained in the winter of 2022 and the spring of 2023, the percentage of virus detection in breeding farms was the same, and these results were equal to the percentage of virus prevalence in the winter of 2024, and no significant difference was observed. According to the summary of the above results, the prevalence of the disease in Tehran province was reported as 9.8%.</span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">In the first three months of 2024, the disease had a clear and higher prevalence than last year, which is due to the increase of the disease in Takhir farms and needs more attention to improve biosecurity and disease control. VHS virus in circulation in the country depends on the weight, and often, the clinical form of disease and death does not occur in baby fish above 2 grams. Therefore, it seems that to establish an acceptable level of biosecurity system at the level of these farms, in addition to the necessary training for growers, more effective measures should be planned and implemented.</span></span></span></div> سپتیسمی هموراژیک ویروسی (VHS), قزل آلای رنگین کمان, Real-Time PCR, استان تهران Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS), Rainbow trout, Real-time PCR, Tehran province 61 66 http://journalaer.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-41&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohammad Hadi Daneshi محمدهادی دانشی mdhdda@gmail.com 10031947532846001253 10031947532846001253 Yes